PREFACE
CHAPTER I MOLECULAR REGULATION OF TOOTH DEVELOPMENT AND DENTAL
STEM CELLS
PART I TOOTH DEVELOPMENT
PART II MOLECULAR REGULATION OF TOOTH DEVELOPMENT
2.1 Initiation of the Tooth
2.2 Bud-to-cap Transition
2.3 Condense of Mesenchyme
2.4 Enamel Knot And Tooth Type Determination
2.5 The Homeobox Code
2.6 Hard Tissue Formation
PART III DENTAL STEM CELLS
3.1 Different Populations of Dental Stem Cells with Diverse Potential
3.2 Tooth Tissue Regeneration
REFERENCES
CHAPTER II BIOLOGICAL BASIS IN THE DEVELOPMENT AND REMODELING OF
JAWS
INTRODUCTION
PART I CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF JAWS
1.1 Inorganic Components
1.2 Organic Components
PART II BIOLOGICAL BASIS ASSOCIATED WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF
JAW
2.1 Bone Development
2.2 Processes of Bone Development
PART III BIOLOGICAL BASIS ASSOCIATED WITH THE REMODELING OF JAWS
3.1 Features of Bone Remodeling
3.2 Cytological Basis of Bone Remodeling
REFERENCES
CHAPTER m THE IDENTIFICATION OF GENES RELATED TO ORAL HEREDITARY
DISEASE
PART I FOREWORD
1.I The Concept of Medical Genetics
1.2 The Characteristics of Oral And Maxillofacial Genetic Diseases
PART II THE CLASSIFICATION OF GENETIC DISEASES
2.1 Single-gent Disease
2.2 Mitochondrial Inherited Disease
2.3 Chromosomal Disease
2.1 Polygenic Disease
PART III CONFIRMATION OF PATHOGENIC GENES IN MONO-GENE DISEASES
3.1 Family Pedigree Analysis in Mono-gene Diseases
3.2 Disease Gene Mapping
3.3 Genetic Polymorphisnl And Mutation
PART IV ORAL GENETIC DISEASES AND CONGENITAL DISORDERS
4.I Genetic Diseases in Denial Hard Tissues
4.2 Genetic Diseases in Periodontal Tissues
4.3 Genetic Diseases in Oral Bone Tissues
4.1 Congenital Facial Cleft
REFERENCES
CHAPTER IV ORAL ECOSYSTEM AND TIlE INFLUENTIAL FACTORS
PART I ECOSYSTEM AND ECOLOGY
1.1 Oral Micro-ecosystem
1.2 The Influential Factors of Oral Micro-ecosystem
PART II DENTAL PLAQUE BIOFILM
2.1 The Formation of Dental Plaque Biofihn
2.2 The Classifcation of Plaque Biofihn
2., The Components of Plaque Biofilm
PART 111 BIOFILM DISEASE IN ORAL CAVITY
3.1 The Related Microflora of Dental Caries
3.2 The Related Microflora of Periodontal Diseases
3.3 The Progress in Oral Micro-ecosysteln Research
REFERENCES
CHAPTER V TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATION OF ORAL TISSUE ENGINEERING
PART I THE CONCEPT OF ORAL TISSUE ENGINEERING
I. 1 Biomaterials
1.2 Seed Ceils
1.3 Growth Factors
PART II APPLICATION OF TISSUE ENGINEERED SKIN AND MUCOSA
2. l Tissue Engineered Skin
2.2 Tissue Engineered Mucosa
PART III APPLICATION OF TISSUE ENGINEERED BONE
3.1 Cell Sources for Bone Regeneration
3.2 Growth/transcription Factors for Bone Regeneration
3.3 Biomaterials for Bone Regeneration
3.4 Pre-clmical Animal Model Research for Bone Regeneration
3.5 Clinical Translational Researches for Bone Regeneration
PART IV FUTURE PERSPECTIVES
4.1 Strategies for Neovascularization
4.2 Strategies for Osseointegration
4.3 Strategies for Tissue Engineered Tooth
REFERENCES
CHAPTER VI CHARACTERISTICS AND APPLICATION OF NEW DENTAL MATERI-
ALS
PART I NEW DENTAL FILLING MATERIAL AND THEIR CHARACTERISTICS
1 1 Dental Filling Materials
12 Composition And Properties of Dental Filling Materials
PART lI CHARACTERISTICS AND APPLICATION OF BIOLOGICAL CERAMIC
2.1 Species of Biological Ceramic
2.2 Structure And Properties of Biological Ceramics
PART llI EVALUATION OF BIOCOMPATIBILITY AND THEIR CHARACTERISTICS OF
NANO-DENTAL MATERIALS
3.1 Conception of Nano-dental Materials
3.2 Composition And Properties of Nano-dental Materials
3.3 Species of Nano-dental Materials
3.1. Safety Evaluation of Nano-dental Materials
PART IV NANOMETER TECHNOLOGIES OF METAL IMPLANT MATERIALS
4 1 Species of Nanometer Technologies of Metal Implant Material
4.2 Characteristics of Nanometer Technologies of Metal hnplant Material
REFERENCES
CHAPTER VII THE GENETIC AND EPIGENETIC ALTERATIONS IN ORAL SQUAMOUS
CELL CARCINOMA
INTRODUCTION
PART I GENETIC ALTERATIONS IN ORAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA
1.1 Chromosome Abnormalities And Microsatellite Instability
1.2 Inherited Genetic Gactors
1.3 Abnormal Gene And Protein Expression
1.4 Somatic Mutations in OSCC
PART II EPIGENETIC ALTERATIONS IN OSCC
2.1 DNA Methylation
2.2 Histone Modifications
REFERENCES
CHAPTER vm THE BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND SIGNAL PATHWAYS IN
ORAL CANCER
PART I CELL PROLIFERATION AND APOPTOSIS
1.1 Preface 108
1.2 Signal Transduction of Cell Proliferation And Apoptosis
1.3 Regulation of Cancer Cell Proliferation And Apoptosis
1.4 Apoptosis Targeted Therapy in Oral Cancer
PART II CELL DIFFERENTIATION AND DEDIFFERENTIATION
2.1 Concepts of Cell Differentiation And Dedifferentiation
2.2 Regulation Mechanisms of Cell Differentiation And Dcdifferentiation
2.3 Signal Transduction of Cell Differentiation And Dedifferentiation And Their Role in
Tumor Development
2.4 Cell Differentiation Targeted Therapy in Oral Cancer
PART III CELL CYCLE AND CELL CYCLE CHECKPOINT
3.1 Phases of Cell CycleAnd Their Characteristics
3.2 Role of Cell Cycle Checkpoint in Cell Cycle Regulation
3.3 Role of Dysregulation of Cell Cycle Checkpoint in Oral Cancer Development
3.4 Cell Cycle Checkpoint Targeted Therapy in Oral Cancer
PART 1V CELL MOTILITY AND METASTASES
4.1 Molecular Basis of Cell Motility And Metastases
4,.2 Organ-specific Metastasis of Oral Cancer Cells
4.3 Signal Pathways Related to the Metastasis in Oral Cancer
4.4, Oral Cancer Metastasis-treatment Targeted to Related Signal Pathway
REFERENCES
CHAPTER IX ORAL MUCOSAL STEM CELLAND ORAL CANCER STEM CELL
PART I STEM CELLS IN ORAL MUCOSA
1.1 Definations
1.2 Isolation of Oral Mucosa Stem Cells
1.3 Identification of Oral Mucosa Stem Cell Property
PART II STEM CELL IN ORAL CANCER
2.1 Theory of Oral Cancer Stem Cell
2.2 Isolation of Oral Cancer Stem Cell
2.3 Identification of Oral Cancer Stem Cells
2.4 Properties of Oral Cancer Stem Ceils
2.5 The Application Prospect of Oral Cancer Stem Cells
REFERENCES
CHAPTER X THE CARCINOGENESIS AND MULTISTEP CARCINOGENESIS OF ORAL
CANCER
PART I HUMAN IMMORTALIZED ORAL MUCOSAL EPITHELIAL CELLS 168
1.1 introduction 168
1.2 Applications of hnmortalized Oral Epithelial Cells
1.3 Establishment of hnmortalized Oral Epithelium Cell Lines
1.1 The Mechanisms of Immortalization
1.5 Protocol for Establishing Immortalization of Human Oral Epithelial Cells with
HPV16 E6And E7
1.6 Identification of Immortalized Oral Mucosal Epithelial Cell Line
1.7 Inhibition of HPV16 Transformation of Oral Epithelial Cells by Hairpin Ri-
bozyme
PART II MALIGNANT TRANSFORMATION OF IMMORTALIZED ORAL MUCOSAL
EPITHELIAL CELL LINES
2.1 Identification of in Vitro Cellular Carcinogenesis Model
2.2 Factors for Cancerous Transformation in the Environment
2.3 Relationship Between Benzo(a)pyrene And Oral Cancer
2.4 Establislnnent of Oral Cancer Cell Line
2.5 The Properties of Malignant Transformation of Immortalized Cells
REFERENCES
CHAPTER XI THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN IMMUNE RESPONSE AND ORAL
CANCER
PART I IMMUNOLOGY IN ORAL CANCER
1.1 The Dual Anti- And Pro-effects of hnmune System
1.2 Immunologic Sculpting During Tumor Development
PART 11 CAMOUFLAGE OF THE TUMOR CELLS AND ROLES OF ADAPTIVE AND IN-
NATE IMMUNE CELLS IN TUMOR EVASION
2.1 Loss of MHC Class I
2.2 Sabotage of Anti-rumor Imnunity by Tumor-mediated hnmune Suppression in HN-
SCC
2.3 Head And Neck Mucosa May Be a Tolerant Environment
2.4, Impact of Human Papillomavirus on the hnrnune System
2.5 Challenges And Prospects
PART III IMMUNOTHERAPY FOR HEAD AND NECK CANCER AND ITS MECHA-
NISM
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Immunotherapy of HNSCC
3.3 Challenges And Prospects
PART IV THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN IMMUNE DEFICIENCY AND ORAL CAN-
CER
4.1 Introduction: Immune Dysregulation And Oral Cancer
4.2 hnmune Mechanisms in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection
4.3 Head And Neck Cancer Induced by HIV Infection
4.4 Head And Neck Cancer Induced by Primary immunodeficiencies (PlDs)
REFERENCES
CHAPTER XII THE MOLECULAR DIAGNOSIS OF HEAD AND NECK SQUAMOUS CELL
CARCINOMA
INTRODUCTION
PART I MOLECULAR ALTERATION AND DETECTION STRATEGIES
1.1 Epigenetic Alteration
1.2 Genetic Alterations in lingCC
PART II PROMISING POTENTIAL BIOMARKERS IN HNSCC
2.1 tluman Papillomavirus
2.2 Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor
23 Cell Cycle Protein DI
2.1 Enhancer of Zeste llomolog 2
PART III THE PROBLEM AND PROSPECT OF HEAD AND NECK CANCER BIOMARK-
ERS
3.1 I The Problem of Head And Neck Cancer Bionmrker
3.2 The Prospect of Head And Neck Cancer Biomarker
REFERENCES
CHAPTER XIII ROLE OF NON-CODING RNA IN ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL CAN-
CER
PART I INTRODUCTION OF NON-CODING RNA
I 1 Definition And Classification
1.2 Biolo-ical Significance
PART II ROLES OF MICRORNA IN ORAL CANCER DEVELOPMENT
2.1 The Relationship Between MicroRNA And Oral Precancerous Lesion
2.2 MicroRNA lixprcssion Profiles of Oral Cancer
2.2, Regulations of MicroRNA Networks
REFERENCES
CHAPTER XIV A PPLICATION OF GENETICALLY ENGINEERED MOUSE MODELS IN
CRANIOFACIAL BIOLOGY RESEARCH
PART I DEFINITIONS AND ROLES
1.1 Why the "Mouse" as a Research Model Organism
1.2 "Common Language" Used in Mouse Model Research
PART II PRACTICE AND APPLICATION
2.1 Generation of Transgenic Mice (Fig. 14-1)
2.2 Gent Manipulation by l Iomologous Recombination in ES Cells
2.3 Conditional Knockout Mouse Models
2.4 Where Can These Mouse Models Be Located
2.5 Summary And Conclusion
2.6 Acknowledgements
REFERENCES
