Preface .
1 Intriduchon and historian hemarto 1
2 Complex Numbers 5
2.1 Fields and the heal Field 5
2.2 The Complex Number Field 10
2.3 Geometrical hepreselltution of Complex Numbers 12
2.4 POlar FOrm and Euler's ldelltity 14
2.5 DeMoivre's Theorem for POwers and Roots 17
Exercises 19
3 Inlynomds and Complex Anynomall ZI
3.1 The ac of POlynomials over a Field 21
3.2 Divisibility and Unique F8ctorhation of Polynomials 24
3.3 RDotS of POlynomials and F8ctorization 27
3.4 Real and Complex POlynomials 29
3.5 The Fundamental Theorem of Algebra: Proof one 31
3.6 Some Consequences of the Fundamental Theorem 33
Excrcises 34
4 Complex Analysis and Analytic Functions 36
4.1 Complex Functions and Analyticity 36
4.2 The Cauchy-Riemann Equations 41
4.3 Conformal Mappings and Analyticity 46
Exercises 49
5 ComDlcx integration and Cauchy's Theorem 52
5.1 Line integrals and Green'8 Theorem 52
5.2 Complex integration and Cauchy's Theorem 61
5.3 The Cauchv integral Formula and Cauchy's Estimate 66
5.4 Liouville's Theorem and the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra: Proof Two 70
5.5 Some Additional insults 71
5.6 Concluding Remarks on Complex Analysis 72
Exercises 72
6 Fields and Field Extensions 74
6.1 Algebraic Field EXtensions 74
6.2 Adjoining Roots to Fields 81
6.3 Splitting Fields 84
6.4 Permututions and Symmetric Polynomials 86
6.5 The Fundamental Theorem of Algebra: Proof Three 91
6.6 An Application--The transcendence of e and ac 94
6.7 The Fundamental Theorem of Symmetric Polynomials 99
Exercises 102
7 Galois Theory ..104
7.1 Galois Theory Overview 104
7.2 Some Results From Finite Group Theory 105
7.3 Galois EXtensions 112
7.4 Alltomornhisms and the Galois Group 115
7.5 The Fundamental Theorem of Galois Theory 119
7.6 The Fundamental Theorem of Algebra: Proof Four 123
7.7 Some Additional Applications of Galois Theory 124
7.8 Algebraic Extensions of R and Concluding ramarks 130
Exercises 132
8 Tbpology and Thpological spaces 134
8.1 Winding Number and Proof Five 134
8.2 topology--An Overview 136
8.3 Continuity and Metric SDaces 138
8.4 Tbpological Spaces and Homeomorphisms 144
8.5 Some Further ProDerties of ThDological Spaces 146
Exercises 149
9 Algebraic ThpoIOgy and the Final Proof 152
9.1 Algebraic topology 152
9.2 Some berther GrouD TheorV--Abelian GrouDs 154
9.3 Homotopy and the Fundamental Group 159
9.4 Homology Theory and ThangUlations 166
9.5 Some Homology Computations 173
9.6 Homology of Spheres and Brouwer Degree 176
9.7 The fundamental Theorem of Algebra: Proof Sts 178
9.8 Concluding ramarks 180
Exercises 180
Appendiy A: A Version of Gau88'8 Original Proof 182
Appendiy B: Cauchy'8 Theorem Revisited 187
Appendiy C: Three Additions ComPlex Analytic Proofs of the fundamennd Theorem of Algebra 195
Appendly D: Tow More Thpologiod Proofs of the fundamennd Theorem of Algebra 199
Bibliography and R6ferences 202
Index ...205