深入浅出Excel(影印版)

.　　And that's how your brain knows...
　　This must be important! Don't forget it!
　　But imagine you're at home, or in a library It's a safe, warm, tiger-free zone. You're studying. Getting ready for an exam. Or trying to learn some tough technical topic your boss thinks will take a week, 10 days at the most.
　　Just one problem. Your brain's trying to do you a big favor. It's trying to make sure that this obviously non-important content doesn't clutter up scarce resources. Resources that are better spent storing the really big things. Like tigers. Like the danger of fire. Like how you should never have posted those "party" photos on your Facebook page. And there's no simple way to tell your brain, "Hey brain, thank you very much, but no matter how dull this book is, and how little I'm registering on the motional Richter scale right now, I really do want you to keep this stuff around."
　　We think of a "Head First"reader as a learner
　　So what does it take to learn something? First, you have to get it, then make sure you don't forget it. It's not about pushing facts into your head. Based on the latest research in cognitive science, neurobiology, and educational psychology, learning takes a lot more than text on a page. We know what turns your brain on.
　　Some of the Head First learning principles:
　　Make it visual. Images are far more memorable than words alone, and make learning much more effective (up to 89% improvement in recall and transfer studies).It also makes things more understandable. Put the words within or near the graphics they relate to, rather than on the bottom or on another page, and learners will be up to twice as likely to solve problems related to the content.
　　Use a conversational and personalized style. In recent studies, students performed up to 40% better on post-learning tests ifthe content spoke directly to the reader, using a first-person, conversational style rather than taking a formal tone. Tell stories instead of lecturing. Use casual language. Don't take yourself too seriously. Which would you pay more attention to: a stimulating dinner party companion, or a lecture?
　　Get the learner to think more deeply. In other words, unless you actively flex your neurons, nothing much happens in your head, A reader has to be motivated, engaged, curious, and inspired to solve problems, draw conclusions,and generate new knowledge. And for that, you need challenges, exercises, and thoughtprovoking questions, and activities that involve both sides of the brain and multiple senses.
　　Get--and keep---the reader's attention. We've all had the "1 really want to learn this but I can't stay awake past page one" experience, Your brain pays attention to things that are out of the ordinary, interesting, strange, eye-catching, unexpected. Learning a new, tough, technical topic doesn't have to be boring. Your brain will learn much more quickly if it's not.
　　Touch their emotions, We now know that your ability to remember something is largely dependent on its emotional content. You remember what you care about. You remember when you feel something. No, we're not talking heart-wrenching stories about a boy and his dog. We're talking emotions like surprise, curiosity, fun/what the...?", and the feeling of"l Rule!" that comes when you solve a puzzle, learn something everybody else thinks is hard, or realize you know something that "I'm more technical than thou" Bob from engineering doesn't.
　　Metacognition: thinking about thinking
　　If you really want to learn, and you want to learn more quickly and more deeply, pay attention to how you pay attention. Think about how you think.Learn how you learn.
　　Most of us did not take courses on metacognition or learning theory when we were growing up. We were expected to learn, but rarely taught to learn.
　　But we assume that if you're holding this book, you really want to learn about Excel. And you probably don't want to spend a lot of time. If you want to use what you read in this book, you need to remember what you read. And for that, you've got to understand it. To get the most from this book, or any book or learning experience, take responsibility for your brain. Your brain on this content.
　　The trick is to get your brain to see the new material you're learning as Really Important. Crucial to your well-being. As important as a tiger. Otherwise, you're in for a constant battle, with your brain doing its best to keep the new content from sticking.
　　So just how DO you get your brain to treat Excel like it was a hungry tiger?
　　There's the slow, tedious way, or the faster, more effective way, The slow way is about sheer repetition. You obviously know that you are able to learn and remember even the dullest of topics if you keep pounding the same thing into your brain. With enough repetition, your brain says, "This doesn't feel important to him, but he keeps looking at the same thing over and over and over, so I suppose it must be."
　　The faster way is to do anything that increases brain activity, especially different types of brain activity, The things on the previous page are a big part of the solution,and they're all things that have been proven to help your brain work in your favor. For example, studies show that putting words within the pictures they describe (as opposed to somewhere else on the page, like a caption or in the body text) causes your brain to try to make sense of how the words and picture relate, and this causes more neurons to fire.More neurons firing -- more chances for your brain to get that this is something worth paying attention to, and possibly recording.
　　A conversational style helps because people tend to pay more attention when they perceive that they're in a conversation, since they're expected to follow along and hold up their end. The amazing thing is, your brain doesn't necessarily care that the "conversation"is between you and a book! On the other hand, if the writing style is formal and dry, your brain perceives it the same way you experience being lectured to while sitting in a roomful of passive attendees. No need to stay awake.
　　But pictures and conversational style are just the beginning....