现代编译程序实现——Java语言（第二版 影印版）

　　 This textbook describes all phases of a compiler: lexical analysis, parsing, abstract syntax, semantic actions, intermediate representations, instruction selection via tree matching, dataflow analysis, graph-coloring register allocation, and runtime systems. It includes good coverage of current techniques in code generation and register allocation, as well as the compilation of functional and object-oriented languages, which is missing from most books. The most accepted and successful techniques are described concisely, rather than as an exhaustive catalog of every possible variant. Detailed descriptions of the interfaces between modules of a compiler are illustrated with actual Java classes. The first part of the book, Fundamentals of Compilation, is suitable for a one-semester first course in compiler design. The second part, Advanced Topics, which includes the compilation of object-oriented and functional languages, garbage collection, loop optimization, SSA form, instruction scheduling, and optimization for cache-memory hierarchies, can be used for a second-semester or graduate course.
　　

preface
part i fundamentals of compilation
1 introduction
1.1 modules and interfaces
1.2 tools and software
1.3 data structures for tree languages
2 lexical analysis
2.1 lexical tokens
2.2 regular expressions
2.3 finite automata
2.4 nondeterministic finite automata
2.5 lexical-analyzer generators
3 parsing
3.1 context-free grammars
3.2 predictive parsing
3.3 lr parsing
3.4 using parser generators
3.5 error recovery
4 abstract syntax
4.1 semantic actions

　　 This book is intended as a textbook for a one- or two-semester course in compilers. Students will see the theory behind different components of a compiler, the programming techniques used to put the theory into practice, and the interfaces used to modularize the compiler. To make the interfaces and programming examples clear and concrete, we have written them in Java.
　　Another edition of this book is available that uses the ML language. Implementation project. The "student project compiler" that we have outlined is reasonably simple, but is organized to demonstrate some important techniques that are now in common use: abstract syntax trees to avoid tangling syntax and semantics, separation of instruction selection from register allocation, copy propagation to give flexibility to earlier phases of the compiler, and containment of target-machine dependencies. Unlike many "student compilers" found in other textbooks, this one has a simple but sophisticated back end, allowing good register allocation to be done after instruction selection.
　　 This second edition of the book has a redesigned project compiler: It uses a subset of Java, called Mini Java, as the source language for the compiler project, it explains the use of the parser generators JavaCC and SableCC, and it promotes programming with the Visitor pattern. Students using this edition can implement a compiler for a language they're familiar with, using standard tools, in a more object-oriented style.
　　 Each chapter in Part I has a programming exercise corresponding to one module of a compiler. Software useful for the exercises can be found at http://uk.cambridge.org/resources/O52182060X (outside North America); http://us.cambridge.org/titles/052182060X.html (within North America).
　　Exercises. Each chapter has pencil-and-paper exercises; those marked with a star are more challenging, two-star problems are difficult but solvable, and the occasional three-star exercises are not known to have a solution. Course sequence. The figure shows how the chapters depend on each other.
　　 A one-semester course could cover all of Part I (Chapters 1-12), with students implementing the project compiler (perhaps working in groups); in addition, lectures could cover selected topics from Part II.
　　 An advanced or graduate course could cover Part II, as well as additional topics from the current literature. Many of the Part II chapters can stand independently from Part I, so that an advanced course could be taught to students who have used a different book for their first course.
　　 In a two-quarter sequence, the first quarter could cover Chapters 1-8, and the second quarter could cover Chapters 9-12 and some chapters from Part II. Acknowledgments. Many people have provided constructive criticism or helped us in other ways on this book. Vidyut Samanta helped tremendously with both the text and the software for the new edition of the book. We would
　　also like to thank Leonor Abraido-Fandino, Scott Ananian, Nils Andersen, Stephen Bailey, Joao Cangussu, Maia Ginsburg, Max Hailperin, David Hanson, Jeffrey Hsu, David MacQueen, Torben Mogensen, Doug Morgan, Robert Netzer, Elma Lee Noah, Mikael Petterson, Benjamin Pierce, Todd Proebsting, Anne Rogers, Barbara Ryder, Amr Sabry, Mooly Sagiv, Zhong Shao, Mary Lou Sofia, Andrew Tolmach, Kwangkeun Yi, and Kenneth Zadeck.