C# Primer（影印版）

　　 畅销书作者Stan Lippman以其著名的进阶讲授方式为读者提供了C#的必要指导。本书为这种新的面向对象程序语言提供了全面的、以实例为主的讲解。
　　 C#是Microsoft新推出的．NET平台的基础。它继承了许多Java和C++的特性，并致力于成为构建高性能Windows和Web应用程序及组件(从基于XML的Web服务到中间层商务对象和系统级应用程序)的一种高级程序语言。
　　 StanleyB．Lippman是Microsoft的Visual C++开发小组的一名架构师。在此之前，他曾是喷气推进实验室(JPL)的著名顾问。Stan在贝尔实验室工作了20多年，在这里他同Bjarne Stroustrup一起进行原始C++实现和Foundation研究项目方面的工作。离开贝尔实验室后，Stan又任职于Disney Feature Animation，开始作为主任软件工程师，后来担任Fantasia2000的软件技术主管。Stan是多本书的作者，包括《C++ Primer》(中国电力出版社已出版该书中文版)、《Essential C++》和《InsidetheC++Object Model》(均由中国电力出版社出版其影印版)。他还是《C++Gems》一书的编辑(SIGS Books出版)。
　　

preface
i hello, c#
1.1 a first c# program
1.2 namespaces
1.3 alternative forms of the main() function
1.4 making a statement
1.5 opening a text file for reading and writing
1.6 formatting output
1.7 the string type
1.8 local objects
1.9 value and reference types
1.10 the c# array
1.11 the new expression
1.12 garbage collection
1.13 dynamic arrays: the arraylist collection class
1.14 the unified type system
1.14.1 shadow boxing
1.14.2 unboxing leaves us downcast
1.15 jagged arrays
1.16 the hashtable container

　　C# is a new language invented at Microsoft and introduced with Visual Studio. NET. More than a million lines of C# code already have gone into the implementation of the .NET class framework. This book covers the C# language and its use in programming the .NET class framework, illustrating application domains such as ASP. NET and XML.
　　 My general strategy in presenting the material is to introduce a programming task and then walk through one or two implementations, introducing language features or aspects of the class framework as they prove useful. The goal is to demonstrate how to use the language and class framework to solve problems rather than simply to list language features and the class framework APl.
　　 Learning C# is a two-step process: learning the details of the C# language and then becoming familiar with the .NET class framework. This two-step process is reflected in the organization of this text.
　　 In the first step we walk through the language both its mechanisms, such as class and interface inheritance and delegates, and its underlying concepts, such as its unified type system, reference versus value types, boxing, and so on. This step is covered in the first four chapters.
　　 The second step is to become familiar with the .NET class framework, in particular with Windows and Web programming and the support for XML. This is the focus of the second half of the book.
　　 Working your way through the text should jump-start your C# programming skills. In addition, you'll become familiar with a good swatch of the .NET class framework. All the program code is available for download at my company's Web site www.objectwrite.com.
　　 Mail can be sent to me directly at slippman@objectwrite.com.
　　Organization of the Book
　　 The book is organized into eight relatively long chapters. The first four chapters focus on the C# language, looking at the built-in language features, the class mechanism, class inheritance, and interface inheritance. The second four chapters explore the various library domains supported within the .NET class framework.
　　 Chapter 1 covers the basic language, as well as some of the fundamental classes provided within the class framework. The discussion is driven by the design of a small program. Concepts such as namespaces, exception handling, and the unified type system are introduced.
　　 Chapter 2 covers the fundamentals of building classes. We look at access permission, distinguish between const and :eadonly members, and cover specialized methods such as indexers and properties. We walk through the different strategies of member initialization, as well as the rules for operator overloading and conversion operators. We look at the delegate type, which serves as a kind of universal pointer to a function.
　　 Chapters 3 and 4 cover, in turn, class and interface inheritance. Class inheritance allows us to define a family of specialized types that override a generic interface, such as an abstract WebRequest base class and a protocol-specific HttpWebRequest subtype. Interface inheritance, on the other hand, allows us to provide a common service or shared attribute for otherwise unrelated types. For example, the IDisposable interface frees resources. Classes holding database connections or window handles are both likely to implement IDisposable, although they are otherwise unrelated.
　　 Chapter 5 provides a wide-ranging tour of the .NET class library. We look at input and output, including file and directory manipulation, regular expressions, sockets and thread programming, the WebRequest and WebResponse class hierarchies, a brief introduction to ADO.NET and establishing database connections, and the use of XML.
　　 Chapters 6 and 7 cover, in turn, drag-and-drop Windows Forms and Web Forms development. Chapter 7 focuses on ASP. NET, and the Web page life cycie. Both chapters provide lots of examples of using the prebuilt controls and attaching event handlers for user interaction.
　　 The final chapter provides a programmer's introduction to the .NET Common Language Runtime. It focuses on assemblies, type reflection, and attributes, and concludes with a brief look at the underlying intermediate language that is the compilation target of all .NET languages.
　　Written for Programmers
　　The book does not assume that you know C++, Visual Basic, or Java. But it does assume that you have programmed in some language. So, for example, I don't assume that you know the exact syntax of the C# foreach loop statement, but I do assume that you know what a loop is. Although I will illustrate how to invoke a function in C#, I assume you know what I mean when I say we "invoke a function." This text does not require previous knowledge of object-oriented programming or of the earlier versions of ASP and ADO.
　　 Some people--some very bright people argue that under .NET, the programming language is secondary to the underlying Common Language Runtime (CLR) upon which the languages float like the continents on tectonic plates. I don't agree. Language is how we express ourselves, and the choice of one's language affects the design of our programs. The underlying assumption of this
　　book is that C# is the preferred language for .NET programming.
　　 The book is organized into eight relatively long chapters. The first set of four chapters focuses on the C# language, looking at the built-in language features, the class mechanism, class inheritance, and interface inheritance. The second set of four chapters explores the various library domains supported within the .NET class framework, such as regular expressions, threading, sockets, Windows Forms, ASP. NET, and the Common Language Runtime.